The applications of sodium persulfate in the electronics industry

Here is an overview of sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O₈) applications in the electronics industry, compiled with referenced sources:

⚙️ ‌Key Applications‌

1. ‌Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Manufacturing‌

   • ‌Etching Agent‌: Removes excess copper from substrates with precision, achieving fine-line circuitry patterns. Typical concentrations: 5–15% solutions at 40–60°C.
   • ‌Desmear Treatment‌: Cleans drilled holes in multilayer PCBs by oxidizing epoxy residues.

2. ‌Semiconductor Processing‌

   • ‌Wafer Cleaning‌: Ultra-high-purity (UHP) grades (>99.99%) remove organic contaminants and photoresist residues without damaging silicon surfaces.
   • ‌Copper CMP (Chemical Mechanical Planarization)‌: Oxidizes copper layers during polishing for planarized wafer surfaces.

3. ‌Metal Surface Preparation‌

   • ‌Pre-plating Activation‌: Micro-etching copper/brass surfaces to enhance adhesion of electroless nickel/gold coatings.
   • ‌Lead Frame Cleaning‌: Deoxidizes metal leads before encapsulation in IC packaging.

⚠️ ‌Critical Operational Parameters‌

☢️ ‌Safety & Handling Notes‌

• ‌Decomposition Risk‌: Degrades rapidly >65°C, releasing oxygen and sulfuric acid fumes; requires temperature-controlled baths.
• ‌Material Compatibility‌: Use PTFE/PVC tanks; avoid contact with aluminum or zinc (catalyzes violent decomposition).
• ‌Waste Treatment‌: Residual solutions must be neutralized with reducing agents (e.g., sodium bisulfite) before disposal.